What is the main idea behind reactance theory?

Reactance theory primarily posits that individuals experience a motivational reaction to protect their freedoms when they perceive that those freedoms are being threatened. This psychological response often manifests as a desire to restore the lost freedom, leading individuals to engage in opposing behaviors or to strengthen their original viewpoint. For instance, when someone is told they cannot do something, they may become more inclined to do it as a way of asserting their autonomy.

This understanding of reactance theory emphasizes the significance of autonomy and choice in social behavior. It explains why individuals might reject authority or resist conformity when they feel that their freedom to choose is being curtailed. This contrasts with the notions that focus solely on compliance with authority, adherence to social norms, or tendencies to favor majority opinions, which do not encapsulate the core concept of reactance and its emphasis on the defense of personal freedoms.