What is the term for the tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions while ignoring contradictory evidence?

The correct response is confirmation bias, which refers to the cognitive tendency where individuals favor information that confirms their existing beliefs or hypotheses while dismissing or neglecting evidence that contradicts those beliefs. This phenomenon is significant in social psychology as it highlights how our perceptions and decisions can be skewed by our internal biases, leading to a reinforcement of our preexisting views.

In various contexts, such as political beliefs or social issues, confirmation bias can influence how individuals interpret information, engage in discussions, and even select sources of information. For example, when presented with data that challenges one’s political stance, a person exhibiting confirmation bias may disregard this information and continue to seek out sources that affirm their viewpoint. Recognizing this bias is crucial for critical thinking and making informed decisions, as it encourages a more balanced approach to evaluating information.

The other terms are related to different psychological concepts. Conformity refers to altering one's behavior or beliefs to match those of others, usually in a group context. Discrimination involves unjust treatment of individuals based on group characteristics, impacting social dynamics. Deindividuation describes a psychological state where individuals lose self-awareness in a group, which can lead to behavior that is not aligned with their individual norms. Each of these concepts operates in a distinct manner