Which phenomenon occurs when members of a group are pressured to conform to the group's norms?

The phenomenon that occurs when members of a group are pressured to conform to the group's norms is known as groupthink. Groupthink arises when the desire for harmony and conformity within a group leads to irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcomes. In situations characterized by groupthink, individuals often suppress their dissenting viewpoints and fail to critically analyze alternatives because they prioritize cohesion over individual opinion or critical evaluation. This can ultimately lead to poor decision-making as the group's consensus may not reflect the best or most rational solution.

In contrast, social facilitation refers to the tendency for individuals to perform better on simple tasks when in the presence of others. Role conflict occurs when an individual faces competing demands from different roles in their life, leading to stress or uncertainty. Social loafing describes the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working in a group compared to when they are working alone. Each of these phenomena highlights different aspects of group dynamics and behavior.